What phenomenon explains the diminishing colors at greater depths?

The phenomenon that explains the diminishing colors at greater depths in the ocean is light absorption. As sunlight penetrates the water, it is absorbed by the water molecules and particles present in the water column. Different colors of light are absorbed at different rates; for example, red light is absorbed very quickly, often within the first few meters of water, while blue light penetrates deeper.

This characteristic of light in water leads to the understanding that as divers descend, they may notice that colors such as reds, oranges, and yellows fade away, disappearing completely in deeper waters. Blue and green wavelengths, on the other hand, make up most of the light that can be seen at greater depths. This understanding is crucial for divers to appreciate the underwater environment visually.

Sound absorption does not play a role in color visibility; it pertains to how sound travels through water, but it does not affect light and color perception. Therefore, focusing solely on the effects of light absorption correctly identifies the reason for diminishing colors with depth.