How does sound travel in water compared to air?

Sound travels faster and more effectively in water than in air due to several key factors. The primary reason for this difference is the density and elasticity of the two mediums. Water is denser than air, which allows sound waves to be transmitted more efficiently. In water, sound travels at approximately 1,480 meters per second, whereas in air, it travels at about 343 meters per second at room temperature.

The increased density of water means that the molecules are closer together, allowing sound waves to be transmitted with less energy loss. Additionally, the elastic properties of water further enhance the speed at which sound waves propagate, making them travel faster compared to air.

This fundamental understanding of sound propagation in different mediums is crucial for divers, as it impacts communication underwater and the behavior of marine life, as well as the perception of sounds.